Main Components of Carbon Black | Ultra Conductive Carbon Black

Carbon black is an amorphous carbon. A light, loose, extremely fine black powder with a very large surface area ranging from 10-3000m2/g. It is the product of incomplete combustion or thermal decomposition of carbon containing substances under insufficient air conditions. The structure of carbon black is expressed by the degree to which carbon black particles aggregate into chains or grapes. A carbon black composed of agglomerates composed of the size, morphology, and number of particles in each agglomerate is called a high structure carbon black. The commonly used oil absorption value represents the structure. The higher the oil absorption value, the higher the structure of carbon black, which is easy to form spatial network channels and is not easy to damage. Carbon black is a fine powder produced by incomplete combustion of carbon containing raw materials (mainly petroleum). A fine particle or powder with a pure black appearance. The depth of color, fineness of particles, and specific gravity vary depending on the raw materials used and manufacturing methods used. Carbon black is insoluble in water, acid, and alkali; It can burn in the air and become carbon dioxide. The main component of carbon black is carbon, and it also contains a small amount of hydrogen, oxygen, sulfur, ash, tar, and moisture. Carbon black is an important pigment next only to titanium dioxide. The annual consumption of rubber carbon black worldwide is about 6 million tons, and special carbon black for coloring and other purposes is about 250000 tons. The so-called special carbon black refers to its use in "coloring" or "conducting electricity," rather than reinforcing rubber carbon black.

Carbon black is produced by a precise controlled production method, which can form about 50 different varieties, and 30 varieties are used in the rubber industry. There are more varieties of carbon black used for coloring and other purposes, including carbon black dispersions, masterbatches, conductive composites, pastes, and paint chips. Carbon black for rubber - Carbon black for rubber was originally classified by particle size, but was later changed to be classified by nitrogen surface area. In addition, when naming, factors such as the vulcanization speed and structure of carbon black pigments have also been taken into account, and they are composed of four systems. The first English letter represents the curing speed of the rubber compound, with N representing the normal curing speed and S representing the slow curing speed. The last three digits are Arabic numerals. The first number represents the nitrogen surface area range of carbon black, which is listed in 0-9 grades. The second and third numbers are designated by Committee D24.41 of the American Society for Testing and Materials, which is responsible for carbon black and terminology. They reflect different structural degrees, that is, the approximate high and low structure of carbon black, and have certain arbitrariness. Relatively speaking, the larger the number, the higher the structure. The earliest carbon black production method in history is the lamp black production process. In this process, raw materials are burned on a flat combustion iron plate with a diameter of up to 1.5m. The combustion gas containing carbon black is collected by an exhaust hood covered with bricks, and then reaches the deposition device through a curved pipe (bent by 1/4) and a fire tube.

In order to control the characteristics of the carbon black produced, it should be ensured that the raw material is mainly subjected to incomplete combustion near the gap between the combustion disk and the exhaust hood. "In the slightly inlet pipe, combustion undergoes a heated decomposition under insufficient oxygen, resulting in the formation of larger carbon black particles. For these reasons, it constitutes a wide range of particle size distribution, mainly characterized by coarse particles.". Due to the fact that only a small portion of the particles formed between the combustion disk and the exhaust hood gap can come into contact with oxygen in the air, these carbon blacks have only a small amount of surface oxide, a corresponding pH value of neutral, and very little volatile matter.